Meeting with Representatives of
the Government and Trade Unions; Address from the CEO of
Fiat Group Sergio Marchionne; Rome (Palazzo Chigi), 22
December 2009 – 4:00pm.
It has
been six months since we last met. They were difficult
months for the economy, for the industrial world, for
workers. Consequently, it was also a difficult period for
the Fiat Group. But we were not passive bystanders. When we
met in June, Fiat had just concluded the agreement with
Chrysler. At that time we laid out, in broad strokes, the
rationale behind the transaction. In the meantime, we have
taken significant steps forward.
The plan
we presented in Detroit on November 4th represents a new
beginning for Chrysler. That plan includes, over a 5-year
period, the launch of 21 new models, the sharing of product
platforms with Fiat, billions of dollars in savings and a
significant increase in sales volumes. By 2014, Chrysler
will have annual sales of 2.8 million vehicles, 40 percent
more than in 2008 and more than double this year's volumes.
Almost 60 percent of those vehicles will be based on Fiat
platforms. And over 40 percent of engines will have Fiat
technology. Annual revenues will be approximately USD 68
billion and operating income USD 5 billion, with the current
debt level halved and American taxpayers fully repaid. I
wanted to underline this upfront not only because
expectations for Chrysler are extremely high, but also
because, as we will see shortly, this project represents a
lynchpin for Fiat's future. It is my desire that today's
meeting is anything but a mere ritual.
We have a
very ambitious plan for Fiat, above all for Fiat in Italy. A
plan which is forward-looking and which is intended to
strengthen the Group's industrial presence in Italy. Some of
the assumptions we are working on perhaps don't agree with
the cold calculations of financial analysts. But we have
sought to find the right equilibrium point between
industrial logic and social responsibility. I ask you all to
keep that in mind. I am convinced - and have been for some
time - that there is no other way of managing a large and
complex enterprise such as Fiat. Catering to the needs and
considerations of just one interest group would have
devastating effects. The one extreme, based on pure economic
considerations, would result in painful consequences that
nobody here wants. The other extreme, based exclusively on
social concerns, would result in the business eventually
disappearing. And I don't believe anyone here would want
this either.
Let us
turn now to the issues of specific relevance today. First,
let me give you a broad overview of the markets that our
businesses operate in and the trends we expect to see in the
next few months in those markets. Then we will look into our
industrial plans for Italy with a particular focus on the
automotive sector and the consequences of our alliance with
Chrysler. With regard to the effects of the global economic
crisis on our various business
sectors, the
situation has not changed that much from six months ago.
Levels of demand have remained very low - with particularly
severe declines in the construction equipment, truck and
light commercial vehicle markets - and there are still no
evident signs of a reversal in those trends. The European
auto market was kept afloat by eco-incentives in many
countries. The latest estimates predict that 2009 sales for
Western Europe will reach approximately 13.5 million units,
substantially in line with last year.
Those of us who operate in
the sector know only too well that the incentives prevented
a collapse in sales, albeit by cannibalizing future demand.
This factor is key to understanding what awaits us in 2010,
and probably beyond. It is not much of a stretch to say that
approximately half a million of the vehicles sold in Europe
in 2009 as a result of the incentives introduced represent,
in reality, sales that would have occurred in subsequent
years. This means that most of those accelerated sales
should be subtracted from the normal demand that we would
have expected in 2010.
The most
reliable projection for demand in the Western European auto
market in 2010 is about 12 million registrations. That would
be 1.5 million units less than this year. In Italy too,
steps taken to underpin demand succeeded in limiting the
hemorrhaging. The sales figure for the full year should be
around 2.1 million units, a slight drop over 2008. Forecasts
for next year are that demand will be more or less flat
compared to 2009, assuming renewal of eco-incentive schemes.
It would be reasonable to project, however, that without a
gradual phasing out of such incentives, market demand would
fall to about 1.7 million units.
Much more
serious is the situation for light commercial vehicles.
This segment experienced very weak demand in 2008, with
drops of 10-11% in Western Europe. This year it fared even
worse. As expected, measures to stimulate demand have had no
effect. Economic conditions have continued to penalize fleet
renewals, pushing sales volumes even lower. The decline in
Western Europe was dramatic: down almost 30 percent in 2009.
Expectations for the coming year are that demand will remain
at the same low levels. The markets which have been most
severely affected include trucks and commercial vehicles.
The current negative trend shows no sign of reversing. We
are seeing double-digit declines in every geographic market.
2009 will close with global demand down over 20%. In Europe
the drop will reach almost 40%. And the outlook for 2010 is
anything but positive. It is difficult to make any precise
estimates, but volumes are unlikely to shift far from the
very low levels experienced this year.
The
construction equipment market has also seen acute declines.
Truly historic levels, in the negative sense. Demand, which
for Western Europe is expected to fall in excess of 50% in
2009, will, in all likelihood, continue to remain at very
low levels throughout 2010. Agricultural equipment, which at
the beginning appeared to have held up against the crisis,
has also been hit. The tractor market in Western Europe is
expected to record a 10-15% decline for 2009 and a further
decrease is expected for 2010. This negative shift has also
impacted the combine market, which has seen a 10-15% falloff
this year. Once again, further declines are expected in
2010. These figures speak for themselves. The macroeconomic
circumstances we are faced with are anything but favorable.
Nevertheless, the Fiat Group has done everything possible to
respond to the difficulties generated by this crisis. We
initiated a series of significant cost containment actions.
We reworked our strategies to take the crisis into account.
These steps enabled us to achieve a 2.6% trading margin for
the third quarter - one of the best in the sector - and to
record a positive bottom line. Now, however, the time has
come to re-establish a more long-term focus to how our
business is structured. The Fiat Group's business plan will
be presented to the global financial community by the Spring
of 2010. It will be a rigorous, detailed plan which sets out
our annual growth and strategic targets for each sector up
to 2014.
What I am
going to present to you today is
our plan for
Italy.
Before getting into the
precise details, let me just give you a few numbers which
give a sense of the scale of Fiat's presence in Italy. €24
billion out a total €59 billion in Group revenues were
generated in Italy in 2008. Our Group employs more than
80,000 people and has 70 plants and 50 research centers.
Fiat exports represent approximately 40% of revenues
generated in Italy. The plan we have established for Italy
covers a two-year period and will contribute to laying the
foundations for the Group's future global plan. In some
cases, the plan consists of decisions already taken which
are currently being put into practice. In other cases, we
are talking about potential scenarios whose economic
viability has yet to be determined. In any event, I can tell
that in the next two years we plan to spend over €8 billion
on capital investments and research and development,
two-thirds of which in Italy.
Let’s now
take a look at the plan for Italy by individual sector.
Iveco has been heavily impacted by negative market trends.
Our European sales have practically been halved. Naturally,
this has had a significant knock-on effect on production
levels at our plants. The plant in Brescia operated at under
one third of capacity, while the plant in Suzzara was only
at 40% capacity. We acted to protect domestic production
levels as much as possible. This meant an almost total
shutdown of our activities in Spain. Production is now
predominantly concentrated in our Italian plants. In
addition, an agreement was reached with trade unions to
implement a restructuring plan at the Brescia plant. This
will result in more than €20 million in investment and allow
us to refurbish the main areas of our production facilities
in preparation for when the market picks up again. For all
three plants, we confirm the current production focus: the
new Eurocargo in Brescia, the new Daily in Suzzara and buses
in Avellino.
And now we come
to CNH. The
construction
equipment market has almost disappeared.
Production
volumes have fallen to unsustainable levels. Over the past
year, this situation has resulted in an almost total
shutdown of our plants, including those located in Italy.
Figures for the Imola plant alone tell the story: this year
a total of 450 units will be produced compared with
installed capacity of 20,000 units. We addressed this issue
in June when the need to reorganize and rationalize this
business was already evident. Our objective is clear:
despite the desperate economic circumstances, we intend to
do everything possible to keep the production of
construction equipment here in Italy. We are delivering on
this promise and are concentrating the activities at two
plants. The decision was made to shift production from Imola
to the two plants in Lecce and San Mauro. Production of
backhoe loaders has already begun at Lecce while production
of mini excavators at the San Mauro plant will start next
year. As far as the workers at Imola are concerned, we are
employing various solutions to facilitate them being
re-employed. I would also like to report that, so far, we
have already found new positions for more than 100 people.
In addition, we have secured funding from the government,
under the extraordinary temporary lay-off scheme (Cassa
Integrazione Guadagni Straordinaria), to ensure
continued
income for
employees. It should be expected however that, despite
efforts to rationalize the business, continued deterioration
of this market means that full utilization of the workforce
at our plants in Lecce and San Mauro will not be achievable.
The
agricultural equipment sector suffered a fall in volumes in
the lower horsepower tractor
segment. A reduction which,
as we forecast, was more pronounced in the second half of
the year. Obviously, the plant at Jesi suffered the effects.
We continued to work on the complete roll-out of our World
Class Manufacturing program and improvements in the quality
of processes in preparation for a reversal in market trends.
On the
components side, all Group businesses operating in this
sector were affected by the weak market. Despite this,
however, we intend to maintain a solid industrial base in
Italy. This area of our business doesn't get much attention
because public opinion is focused on cars. However, it is
fundamental not only to our own production system but also
to our maintaining a solid industrial presence in Italy.
This area of our business employs more than 25,000 people
and encompasses FPT Powertrain Technologies' engines and
transmissions, Magneti Marelli's components, Teksid's
aluminum products, and Comau's production systems. We are
talking about a total of 36 plants in Italy. Several of
these stand to benefit from projects involving Fiat Group
Automobiles and the alliance with Chrysler. In addition, the
Fiat Group has in recent years intervened to help many
suppliers in difficulty, some of which are quite significant
in size. In some cases, we offered financial assistance. In
other more severe cases, we chose to buy the company out,
making it part of the Group. To cite a few examples, this
happened for Ergom, Itca, Teksid Aluminum, Imam and - just a
few days ago - even with MPI from the Meridian group. This
was no small undertaking, including from a financial point
of view. Such interventions meant that companies which are
important to the industrial fabric of this country were able
to survive. Even more important is the fact that more than
10,000 jobs whose future was seriously compromised were
saved. These transactions enlarged and strengthened the
Group's presence in Italy in the components sector.
In
addition to initiatives undertaken to help suppliers, we
also have plans to intervene significantly in logistics for
plants and parts. The objective is to rationalize these
activities through the World Class Logistics program so that
they are more fully integrated and better synchronized with
production processes. This will enable us to obtain
significant improvements in the technical efficiency of our
plants, the quality of our products and the ergonomics of
our workstations, thereby eliminating waste, defects and
breakdowns. In the near future, our plan will lead to the
re-insourcing of many employees. We are talking of nearly
3,000 people, in addition to the more than 900 workers who
already joined the Group between the end of 2008 and the
beginning of 2009.
Let’s now
take a more in-depth look at
passenger cars.
As
you know, this sector is strategic to every economy
worldwide. This is demonstrated by the active steps taken to
support the auto industry - which I will talk about in more
detail later - in both Europe and the United States. For
Italy in particular, let me give you some figures compiled
by ANFIA. This sector is one of the largest employers, the
number one private investor in research & development and
the single largest contributor to tax revenues. Annual
revenues of €95 billion for the sector correspond to more
than 6% of GDP. If we widen the scope to include indirect
activity, this figure rises to 11.4%. The number of people
employed directly is approximately 300 thousand and a
further 1 million individuals are employed in related
activities.
At the
national level, this sector is in fact the leading investor
in research and innovation. It contributes a total €80
billion annually to government tax revenues. These figures
should be enough to give an idea of the importance the
automotive sector has for the domestic economy. And yet none
of the historic problems that plague the sector and which I
spoke to you about last time have been resolved. On the
contrary. In recent months, two additional threats have come
about as a result of initiatives taken at the European
level. The first relates to the regulation of CO 2
emissions for light commercial vehicles.
Following
its introduction of the completely nonsensical regulation
for car emissions - which penalizes the most virtuous
carmakers to the benefit of the least virtuous - the
European Commission now intends to attack light commercial
vehicles. In fact, at the end of October, it approved a
proposal to introduce a 175 gramme-per-kilo ceiling on new
vehicles by 2016, to be introduced gradually beginning in
2014. It is a proposal which takes absolutely no account of
the realities. It takes no account of the necessary
development time for light commercial vehicles or their life
cycle, which are significantly longer than for the average
car. All of the new models which automakers plan to launch
in 2014 have already passed the design phase, as has the
investment necessary to develop them. The legislative
process simply cannot ignore the long-term nature of the
sector's planning. Industry has to be granted sufficient
time for the product renewal cycle to adapt and there needs
to be some consistency with other European laws. In 2016, in
fact, the Euro 6 regulation for commercial vehicles will
take effect. It would make more industrial sense, therefore,
to optimize investment by aligning both regulations to that
date.
But there
is another reason which justifies strong opposition to this
proposal. Makers of commercial vehicles are struggling for
survival and simply cannot afford to face any additional
burdens. All the more so when they will produce derisory
benefits for the global environment. This regulation will do
nothing more than increase the cost of these vehicles,
giving rise to an incredible contradiction. The end result
will be to further suppress demand at precisely the moment
when it needs to be supported. That is why all automakers
are asking for the draft regulation to be radically
modified. Adding to the sector's difficulties today will
only put the production of commercial vehicles at risk in
Europe and, obviously, in Italy.
The other
issue that is not much spoken about but risks hitting the
sector like a hurricane is the free trade agreement between
the European Union and South Korea signed in mid- October. A
few salient facts are all that is needed to understand the
grave consequences it could have. The European Union has
always applied a rule in determining the origin of products
from countries with which it has such agreements: local
content must make up at least 60%. A lower level would give
a country the possibility to use imported parts and
components from low-cost countries to gain an unfair
competitive advantage. In this case, however, the EU has
chosen to alter the standard "Country of Origin" rule,
lowering the minimum threshold to 50-55%. It also intends to
allow the Korean government to reimburse domestic producers
for import duties on parts from other low-cost countries
which are used in products exported to Europe. The
combination of these concessions would give Korean
automakers an enormous competitive advantage, worth as much
as €1,500 per vehicle. There is no justification for
exposing the European auto industry in this way.
Particularly in such critical market conditions.
Particularly at a time when even the United States is
reviewing the terms of its agreement with South Korea,
directly in relation to the automotive sector and
import/export duties. The US administration is against
ratifying the agreement reached by the previous government
despite opposition from Detroit automakers. In discussions
with the Department of Commerce, Chrysler refused to accept
the new conditions and denounced South Korea's closed market
policies which penalize distribution of foreign products
within its domestic market. This is a position fully shared
by the United Auto Workers union. I am sure that for all of
us "free trade" means competition which is free but honest,
open but fair. The proposed agreement between Europe and
South Korea would not be a free trade agreement but rather a
way of bending the rules. That is why opposition is
necessary before it is too late. Equality, equilibrium and
fairness, the inviolate principles of trade, need to be
re-established and upheld.
Fiat Group
is ready to do its part to remove the structural obstacles
which are halting development of the sector. But it is also
crucial that there are no external initiatives that will act
as a brake. Our recent actions were based on the conviction
that today's world requires a new business model and a more
efficient system. The alliance with Chrysler should be seen
in this light. A view frequently expressed, that it is Fiat
that has saved Chrysler, is misguided. There are significant
benefits to both. The Chrysler plan not only represents a
restructuring of the American company. It will also be key
to the survival of Fiat Group Automobiles. The futures of
the two businesses are now inextricably intertwined and both
will receive enormous benefits from such a relationship. The
primary benefit is that it will give us the critical mass
necessary to achieve significant economies of scale.
Combined we are the sixth largest producer in the world.
This will enable us to increase volumes for each individual
platform, in each of the main segments, so that we can
achieve economic returns which justify the necessary levels
of investment. By year-end 2012, we will have reached 1
million cars per platform in the Mini and Small segments.
And by 2014, we will have also reached this volume target on
the Compact platform.
The
agreement will enable us to expand geographically so that we
can take advantage of new market opportunities. For example,
Fiat's return to the United States and the introduction of
new products in Europe. The two businesses represent an
ideal combination. The presence and experience of Fiat in
the smaller car segments and of Chrysler in the medium and
larger segments will enable the Group to offer a full
product range. FGA will finally have achieved adequate
coverage in the medium-large segment. Even our distribution
network will be strengthened. This agreement also gives us
the opportunity to further our commitment to sustainable
mobility, broadening our expertise in alternative propulsion
and fully leveraging our respective strengths.
Today Fiat
is recognized as the most eco-performing automaker in Europe
with the lowest level of CO2 emissions for both the Fiat
brand and the Group. Over ten years ago we introduced the
"Natural Power" line, a complete range of CNG vehicles for
which our leadership is recognized. Our Group pioneered the
Common Rail system, now used in all of the latest generation
diesel engines which produce emissions that are 20% lower
than for equivalent vehicles using a gasoline engine. We
recently introduced the MultiAir system which, alongside
improved performance, can achieve a 10% reduction in
emissions on gasoline engines. Together with Chrysler, which
has been developing hybrid and electric technologies for
many years, we will continue to develop alternative
solutions over the medium and long term.
The
agreement with Chrysler is also behind the transaction we
have finalized with regard to Bertone. Last month we
acquired the site in Grugliasco, a solid part of Turin's
industrial fabric which has well-developed logistics and
supplier base. This plant will produce two high-end models.
Production on the first will begin before the end of 2011
and the second in 2012. Once fully operational, the target
is to produce 50,000 units per year. But beyond the
operational plan for Bertone itself, the most significant
aspect of this initiative is that it has enabled us to offer
future employment to more than 1,000 people who were not
previously part of the Fiat Group.
We have
been through an epic crisis and if Fiat had not reached the
agreement with Chrysler, our future plans would be very
different and far less ambitious. But this agreement will
provide a basis for a serious restructuring of our Group.
All of the prerequisites necessary to remove the structural
weaknesses which have been dogging us for decades, including
production overcapacity are now there. In the United States,
they have recognized this need and have tackled the problem
face on, determined to transform the shackles of the crisis
into an extraordinary opportunity. We have been witnessing a
courageous structural shift in the US, with government,
companies, trade unions and financial institutions working
side-by-side to do more than merely save the auto industry.
Real and significant measures were taken to rationalize
production. It is a true rethinking of the model from an
ecological perspective. An attempt to create a solid
foundation on which the sector can be rebuilt. Through the
alliance with Chrysler, Fiat has the privilege of being
involved in the process of re-establishing the US auto
industry. We can bear witness to the extraordinary
determination of the US government and the profound sense of
responsibility demonstrated by all stakeholders. Everyone
did their part to achieve the best result, a result which
benefits everyone.
I give you
the example of Chrysler. The planned realignment of the
company's production capacity, which was announced in June
following negotiations with the government and unions, calls
for excess capacity to be eliminated within a couple of
years. This means a significant reduction in the number of
Chrysler plants in the United States from 20 to 13. It means
that, compared with 10 years ago when the company had 29
plants, production capacity was more than halved. And the
workforce was also drastically reduced. Between 2004 and
today, the number of blue-collar workers decreased over 40%.
The same is true for clerical staff. In the twelve-month
period from June 2008 to June 2009, the total workforce
decreased one fourth, which represents approximately 17,000
jobs. Similar workforce reductions also took place at
General Motors.
On the
contrary, in Europe the problem of production overcapacity
is yet to be addressed. Many governments, each in their own
way, have given support to the sector through ecoincentives
or direct financial support to domestic producers. More
specifically, the various forms of government aid have
included: new credit lines, loan guarantees, research
subsidies, contributions toward the development of engines
which are eco-friendly and/or use alternative fuels, aid for
capital investment, refinancing for consumer financing
divisions. The most significant intervention was from the
French government which made an almost €8.5 billion aid
package available to PSA Peugeot Citroën and Renault. But
many other national governments also intervened. As I have
stated in the past, I believe such interventions are very
dangerous because they place a few players in a position of
advantage, forcing others - such as us - to compete with
their hands tied behind their backs. In addition, the lack
of a common European vision and unified action risks
becoming a chain around our ankles exactly at a time when we
need to be moving as rapidly as possible.
The
objective, for both America and Europe, would appear to be
the same: to revitalize those industries which are crucial
to the economy. But there is a real possibility that the
results will be drastically different. The American plan
focuses on overcoming problems that have afflicted the
automotive industry for years and building a new, more
sustainable future from both an economic and environmental
perspective. European plans, by contrast, are not addressing
the underlying root causes precisely because they lack a
common vision, each nation choosing instead to look
inwardly. We cannot continue along with blinkers on,
pretending that everything is OK. We, in Italy, want to
confront and resolve this problem. We want to confront it in
an earnest and coherent manner.
The five
Fiat Group Automobiles plants in Italy together produce
650,000 cars per annum and employ nearly 22,000 people, out
of total 30,000 FGA employees in Italy. In Poland, a single
plant produces approximately the same number of cars with
less than one-third of the people. In Brazil, a single plant
produces 730,000 units per year with 9,400 people. These
figures speak for themselves. The number of cars produced
per employee is completely disproportionate. It is not a
question of efficiency, but rather a level of capacity and
workforce utilization which goes against any form of
industrial logic. What is clear is that if we were to design
our Italian production facilities from scratch, we would
design them completely differently. An industrial structure
such as the existing one is doomed to fail. Nobody could
believe that this situation is sustainable in the long term.
A solution needs to be found for the future of the Group and
jobs in Italy. We need to address the problem face on and
with concrete solutions.
Crisis
forces us to make choices. The choice before us today is to
either pretend that everything is going well or act to
protect the core of our business. Our future depends on the
choices we make now. Continuing on as though everything was
OK would be easy but would also lead straight to ruin. Our
resources would be channeled toward keeping alive those
areas that are performing badly with the end result being
that the entire business would be dragged down. It is
precisely now, however, that an act of courage is needed to
remove the elements of weakness from the industrial system
and focus on the elements of strength. That is the only sure
way to create a sound base from which the business can move
forward. A base which will be stronger and potentially more
complete.
The decision taken concerning
Termini Imerese is a concrete example. We announced already
in June that the plant in Sicily will cease producing cars
in 2011. Let me be clear: the quality of the work and the
commitment of the people there is not in question. There
were other considerations. The industrial activity at
Termini Imerese was always severely hindered by the plant’s
intrinsic competitive disadvantages. There is practically no
local supplier base. The logistics costs are enormous.
Producing a car at Termini Imerese, as you know, costs as
much as €1,000 more. There are structural issues which
represent a continuous drain on resources. Over the past few
months we have sought, internally, an industrial alternative
for this site. However, we always encounter the same
obstacle: a cost structure which would render any of Fiat
Group's products unfeasible. We have to be extremely honest
on that point. Any company anywhere in the world - Fiat
included - has the right and even the duty to make rational
industrial choices. The right and the duty to make decisions
autonomously, focusing first and foremost on what is best
for the company, for its competitiveness and for its future
development. Fiat has always exercised this freedom in a
responsible manner, as long as it didn’t mean compromising
its own future. We have borne the operating losses from the
plant in Termini Imerese for many years. The broader context
was completely different, however, and it enabled us to
absorb the enormous costs associated with operating this
plant. Today we can no longer afford to do so. Globally, the
conditions of the economy and the market have completely
changed. Competition is putting companies to a severe test,
often forcing them to make difficult choices.
Here we also
need to be honest: bearing the burden of the social problems
at Termini is not Fiat's responsibility. It wasn't before
and it isn't now.
It is a burden which rests on
the shoulders of the entire system. When the markets react
in such an extreme manner - as in the current crisis - the
response has to be collective. The model for social
development which we have embraced - in Italy as in the rest
of Europe - means exactly that. It means guaranteeing
protection when markets undergo structural changes. It means
that every citizen should be able to count on a security net
when markets react in such a brutal manner. We are perfectly
aware of the social consequences that a plant closure would
have. We fully understand how the workers at Termini Imerese
feel. This is an issue which requires the energies of the
entire system. We are prepared to do our part, if everyone
else does theirs. We stand fully ready to help and offer
support for any proposals to convert the site which may come
from the Region of Sicily, other public institutions or
private groups. We stand ready to collaborate in securing a
solution which will continue to provide employment for the
workers at Termini once the production of automobiles has
stopped. We even stand ready to make the plant available for
a project which will provide job security for our employees.
Now we
come to the
product plan and
production activities for our plants for 2010 and 2011.
There is a precise plan for the introduction of new models
which is also based on the integration with Chrysler. In
order to enhance the Group's competitive position, we have
also optimized the activities of Centro Stile and our
engineering and design division, concentrating the research
and design activities for all FGA’s brands in a single
centre of excellence. I believe this is an important
decision which demonstrates the desire to leverage internal
skills and expertise to maintain and further develop the
Italian excellence characteristic of the style of our cars.
Over the next 2 years, we are planning the launch of 17 new
models and upgrades of 13 existing models.
The most important new
release in 2010 will be the Alfa Giulietta, a key addition
to the Alfa Romeo range which will reinforce its presence in
the C segment. The Giulietta is based on our Compact
platform, which will serve as the basis of the architecture
for future cars in this segment, both for Fiat and Chrysler.
At the beginning of January, we will be launching the new
Doblò and the new Doblò Cargo, presented to the press just a
few days ago. The Doblò will be Fiat's flagship MPV model
for the next few years. In 2010 we will also see the first
concrete results of the Chrysler alliance with the launch of
an SUV segment vehicle under the Fiat brand. In addition,
three new models will be launched under the Abarth brand:
the 500 TC, 500 Cabrio and Punto Evo. This will expand the
product offer for this sports brand, further enhancing its
image.
Next year will also see the
arrival of the new Small Gasoline Engine, a two-cylinder
engine designed for city cars. This is the maximum
expression of the concept of downsizing, offering lower
consumption and emissions without impacting performance. It
will initially be produced in gasoline version with MultiAir
technology that will be followed up by a CNG version. This
two-cylinder engine will be debuted on the Fiat 500. In
2010, all models across brands will be equipped with Euro 5
engines and have the Stop&Start system, which temporarily
shuts the engine off when it is in idle, as standard. This
feature enables reduced fuel consumption and emissions
levels.
2011 will be a particularly
intense year for new products launches. First of all, there
will be two key models for the Lancia and Fiat line up: the
future Ypsilon, which will be offered in a 5-door version
only and is much more spacious than the current model;
and the future Panda, a key driver of sales for Fiat which
will further strengthen the brand's leadership in Europe in
the A segment. Also for Fiat, the launch of two new compact
MPV's is planned: one a 5-seater and the other a 7-seater.
2011 will also see the greatest impact on FGA's product
range from the Chrysler alliance. Five vehicles will be
added to the product offer: one under the Fiat brand and the
others under the Lancia brand. All of these vehicles will be
derived from high-end Chrysler models. Fiat will introduce a
Crossover and Lancia will offer two new D-segment models - a
sedan and a cabriolet - a new flagship luxury sedan and a
large MPV.
As you are well aware, during
this extremely difficult period we have had to postpone some
of our projects, but we continued investing at a level which
would ensure a varied, high quality and
technologically-advanced product offering. We continued to
think and plan for the future. That is the philosophy that
has guided all of our choices. Efforts made to improve the
entire production process are yet another obvious example.
Four years ago, at all of our plants, we introduced World
Class Manufacturing, the standard of excellence globally.
This program encompasses the entire production process and
enables us to eliminate all sources of waste, improve
quality and make our plant maintenance systems more
efficient. The WCM development centre, which is responsible
for designing training modules for all of the Group's
production activities worldwide, is based in Turin. There
are also centers of excellence and implementation located in
Italy, Brazil and the United States. Initiatives launched in
relation to our production process have been numerous with
more than 26,000 improvement projects generated so far. The
intended restructuring plan for our industrial network in
Italy is also anything but conservative. It is extremely
ambitious.
We want to
increase
production
levels in Italy for passenger cars from the current
650,000
units annually to somewhere in the range of 800,000 to
1,000,000 units within three years, with our target being in
the middle of that range (900,000 units p.a.). In addition
to this will be light commercial vehicle production which
could increase to approximately 220,000 units p.a. compared
to the current level of 150,000 units for 2009.
The
objective of the plan we are working on is to have the
Italian
plants operating at
optimum capacity. We believe
this is the only way to provide Fiat with the opportunity
for further development in Italy.
Let’s take
a look at how, beginning with the Mirafiori plant. Our plan
is to transform Mirafiori into a World Class Plant. This
entails reorganizing the plant in order to build a
completely new production line capable of contemporaneously
producing several different models. This also involves
rethinking logistics in order to deliver components to the
production line in a much leaner and faster manner. The
body-welding area will also be completely redesigned. This
project will enable us to achieve several objectives at the
same time: optimize the flexibility of the plant, reach full
capacity utilization, make more efficient use of manpower,
reduce training time and the number of tasks per person.
Mirafiori will undergo a comprehensive transformation. A
transformation which will be fundamental for the future
because of the relative benefits this technology offers for
the rapid addition of new products. For 2010, we can confirm
that current production will remain unchanged. The
investment necessary to carry out this profound
transformation will begin next year. This plant conversion
will be accompanied by a major training program for all
employees involved. In 2011, production will continue for
the Alfa MiTo, Lancia Musa and Fiat Idea which will then be
supplemented by two versions of a new high-volume, compact
MPV.
The
Cassino plant is already equipped with a production line
capable of producing three or more models, similar to the
one we intend to build at Mirafiori. And the die-cutting
facility there is the most modern in Europe. Logistics have
been optimized and this year the plant achieved WCM Silver
Level. The plant at Cassino is becoming an absolute
cutting-edge centre of technology. In recent years we have
invested significantly in this site and we intend to
continue. We have other significant investment plans in the
pipeline. Every area of the plant will benefit from further
innovation. A new highly automated line will be installed
for die-cutting. The body-welding line will be improved with
advanced laser and plasma systems, in addition to a new
under-body assembly line. The paint shop and assembly lines
will be improved through the introduction of new
technologies to assist workers. In 2010, production of the
Fiat Bravo, Croma and Lancia Delta will continue accompanied
by the introduction of the Alfa Giulietta. 2011 will be a
year of major change. The plant will be established as
Fiat's centre of excellence for the production of C-segment
vehicles.
There is little to say for
Melfi. This site is dedicated to the B segment. It is
operating efficiently and was the first Italian site to
receive WCM Silver Level certification. The quality of
products and processes is very high. We can confirm the
current production allocation which this year, in addition
to the Grande Punto, saw the launch of the Punto Evo.
Naturally, the mix between these two vehicles will shift
toward the newer model.
And now we
come to the Giambattista Vico plant in Pomigliano d'Arco. As
you know, the model we currently produce there have not
benefited from incentive schemes. That is why this plant has
been the most penalized by the decline in sales volumes. For
2009, the workforce utilization ran at an average of about
one-third. This year production will just barely reach
36,000 units compared to a total capacity of 240,000 units
per year. We expect 2010 to be even worse. At this level,
the plant is not sustainable. We invested significantly in
recent years. Just two years ago the site was completely
relaunched. It was a program without precedent in Italy -
and I believe even in Europe. We invested more than €100
million to create the best work conditions and increase the
plant's efficiency. The production process was reorganized
according the principles of World Class Manufacturing. All
workers underwent an intense training program. This enabled
us to resolve quality issues but has not solved the issue of
production overcapacity. What is needed now is an act of
courage which looks at more than just pure industrial logic.
And securing a future for the plant would require a
significant commitment of resources. As we signaled in June,
it is our intention to allocate a new platform to this
plant. We have looked at several scenarios which are still
being evaluated. The current thought is to allocate the A
platform to Pomigliano, which will be used for the future
Panda. Establishing the A platform in Italy would
significantly strengthen Fiat's overall presence here. The
only segment not currently part of our production activities
in Italy is the city car - a segment where we are the
European leader. The B platform is produced at Melfi and
Mirafiori. Production for the C platform is concentrated in
Cassino. Adding production of A-segment vehicles at the
Pomigliano plant would complement the production line up in
Italy with an important strategic lynchpin. In our view this
is the only solution to accomplish a major turnaround.
Building
the future Panda at Pomigliano would guarantee it extremely
high volumes. We currently produce 290,000 units per year of
the existing Panda. Within three years, we should be able to
refer to Pomigliano as Fiat's second largest plant in Italy.
This is a radical step, however, which will require
considerable resources. The plant will need to be
restructured and converted for its new mission. And this
would represent a major financial commitment. To give you an
idea, it would cost several hundreds of millions more than
leaving things as they are and allocating production of the
future Panda to Poland. It is indispensable therefore that
this complex operation can be proven to be feasible. In
addition, the restructuring would mean a further period of
inactivity for workers at the plant. And this would require
an extended period of income support. At the same time, at
least a further €40 million would be required to train and
update personnel on the new production methods. Finally,
considering the expected volumes for this model, we need
certainty that we will be able to respond to the curves in
demand in real time through the use of overtime or other
forms of flexibility to be agreed with the unions. In
summary, this solution would require commitments from all
parties involved. In my view, the scenario I have just laid
out is the only one which would ensure the highest possible
utilization of the plant. I repeat...from a purely
industrial perspective it is not the ideal solution.
However, I am convinced that if everyone in this room is
interested in finding the right equilibrium between
industrial logic and social responsibility, the path exists.
This project, as with those I have presented for the other
three plants, also forms part of a comprehensive plan to
reinforce the industrial presence in Italy. It is an
objective that can be met if we put a stop to the
hemorrhaging of resources currently taking place at Termini
Imerese. Those resources could then be channeled into
investments to improve quality and production levels at the
other plants.
Rounding
out the allocation of production is the launch of the future
Ypsilon in Poland in 2011 and a new family in Serbia based
on the Small platform. Finally, production of the Ducato
will continue at Sevel in Val di Sangro - the 50/50 joint
venture between Fiat and PSA - which this year was heavily
impacted by the collapse of the light commercial vehicle
market.
The overview I
have given you not only highlights how severe the crisis
faced by all of our sectors has been. It also demonstrates
Fiat's efforts to the limit the impact on our employees to
the maximum extent possible. We are using all of the
temporary labor mechanisms possible. During the year we made
significant use of collective holidays, for all Group
employees, and temporary layoff funds, which impacted more
than 50,000 employees. On average, every day this year 30%
of Group employees were involved in production stoppages. As
we speak, the procedures for utilization of extraordinary
layoff funds (Cassa
Integrazione Guadagni Straordinaria)
have also been initiated in relation to 12 plants (with
ordinary
schemes having been fully
utilized) and impacting a total of more than 11,000 people.
We have not resorted to permanent redundancies. If you look
at our competitors, we are almost the only example. Renault
has already effected 6,400 job cuts - predominantly in
France - of the 9,000 announced at the beginning of the
year. Peugeot has cut more than 5,000 jobs. And the Opel
plan calls for around 9,000 positions to go, 60% of which
will be in Germany. At Fiat, even in the most dire of
circumstances, we refused to make these radical choices and
worked to reallocate resources.
Now we are looking to make a
leap in quality. As I mentioned earlier, we have ambitious
plans for Italy. Plans which would enable Fiat to guarantee
stable employment in our Country. Several elements are
necessary to make this plan operational. Firstly, a
sufficient level of economic sustainability. We have to find
practical and cost effective means of financing the
investments necessary to turn these plans into reality. In
addition, to continue to manage the reorganizations and
temporary production stoppages without trauma, adequate
income support for our workers will be indispensible. To
limit recourse to temporary layoff schemes and increase
utilization of manpower, utilization of the appropriate
early retirement mechanisms could be very useful. We then
need to continue with rigorous cost containment measures. I
am referring specifically to overhead costs. And also labor
costs, which need to be limited to this year's levels.
Finally, we need to be able to rely on a high degree of
flexibility. Fiat's industrial structure in Italy needs to
be able to respond to fluctuations in demand in the same way
as our foreign plants do.
At this
point I would like to briefly shift gears to another
fundamental topic -
research &
innovation.
The significance of research
and innovation is often misunderstood, including in Italy.
Innovation only exists when a customer recognizes the
competitive difference, either financial or other perceived
attribute. As such, it is important not to confuse what a
company spends on research - typically through its R&D
activities - with what it invests in product and process
innovation. The Fiat Group spends approximately €2 billion
per year on Research & Development. This activity involves
some 14,500 people worldwide. And 65% of those people -
approximately 9,000 - carry out that activity in Italy. Our
commitment then is reflected in the engagement of even more
extensive resources by businesses linked to the production
of vehicle components and systems. In the past, product and
process innovation has too often been entrusted to the
fragmented use of initiatives and tools which failed to
contribute to the development of a network or cluster of
excellence.
Fiat Group
has demonstrated its desire to seriously confront the issue
of the environment. Our commitment in recent years has
resulted in us being recognized as European leader for
having products with the lowest emissions levels. The recent
decisions by the European Union have, however, made our task
even more difficult, forcing us to multiply our efforts to
hold on to that position of leadership. Despite this, we
have decided to focus a large portion of the Group's
internal research efforts to the theme of energy efficiency.
I am convinced that this is the principal element around
which automakers will compete in the near to medium term. It
was with great pleasure that we accepted the invitation from
the Ministries for Research and Economic Development to join
the research think-tank, which also includes representatives
from the Regional authorities and Anfia. It is the first
time we have witnessed a determination to confront these
issues in a joint and integrated manner.
On the
basis of the proposal put forward by the Regional
authorities - for total funding of €850 million - Fiat has
prepared a detailed plan. This plan includes research and
innovation activity aimed at reaching specific energy
efficiency targets, for both products and processes, with a
budget of around €360 million. Our proposed project also
calls for the involvement of those of our supplier involved
in this area of activity. Fiat Group has put itself forward
as manager and "prime contractor", accepting responsibility
for delivering a result to the relevant Ministries, as is
customary for European projects which come under the
umbrella of the Framework Program. It is crucial that the
mistakes of the past are not repeated, however. What is
needed now is certainty concerning: the procedures for new
research and development contracts, the time period between
the application and awarding of the contract as well as the
portion actually financed. We appreciate the efforts made.
It seems to us that the approach adopted and path taken are
the correct ones. We hope that there is a steadfast
commitment to continuing in that direction. We believe the
presence of several Ministerial departments at the table
will afford the opportunity to align procedures with
European procedures - with recognition of the role of “prime
contractor” - and that any evaluation of the effectiveness
of the plan will take account of all the benefits secured
for Italy. The car park renewal, for example, has major
positive impacts on several fronts: safety, by reducing the
rate of accidents and, consequently, healthcare spending;
environmental, by enabling a reduction in CO2
and other
harmful emissions; mobility, through the in-car technology
available in new vehicles; taxation, by VAT income for the
government; and all of this, with obvious advantages also
for employment. From this perspective, it would be much more
accurate to call the incentives an investment rather than
“aid to automakers”.
I would
like to take this opportunity to clarify several prejudices
which exist in this country and which are without
foundation. Since I took the helm at Fiat, two or three
times a month I hear the media refer to this Group as living
off
public aid.
I
hear people say that the Group relies on assistance from the
state. That assertion is absolutely absurd. Every time I
hear such comments, I pray they are due to ignorance rather
than bad faith. For my part, I prefer to talk about Fiat's
development and plans for the future. But if the tone of the
discussion is reduced to giving or receiving from the state,
let’s at least talk seriously and honestly. The first
element frequently raised at the moment to demonstrate state
aid is called ecoincentives. Let’s state things how they
really are. The truth is that so far the incentives have
been financed by Fiat. The mechanism chosen by the Italian
government, somewhat different to what has happened in other
countries, is based on tax credits. This means that the
automaker advances the incentive to the customer in the form
of a discount on the sales price. At the end of November,
the impact of these eco-incentives for our Group totaled
€560 million. A figure which obviously weighs on the Group's
level of indebtedness. By year end, the amount owed to Fiat
by the Italian government as a result of these incentives
will have climbed to more than €600 million. If we add other
refunds or credits due to us from past tax years, the amount
the government owes Fiat is about €800 million.
There is another
misconception which is frequently repeated. It is that Fiat
receives contributions from the Italian government and then
invests them abroad. I will limit myself to just a couple of
examples of what we have done in the last six years. Since
2004, our Group has channeled more than two-thirds of
capital expenditure and investment in research and
development to Italy. I am talking about financial outlay in
this country totaling €16 billion. Public contributions
received for capital investment and research, by comparison,
have totaled €600 million. That is, around 4% of our total
investment. But that is not all. There is a third topic
frequently raised these days. It is referred to as cassa
integrazione. Many say - and often it those who should be
most familiar with the facts and the figures - that Fiat is
being kept on its feet by INPS. A true paradox. You should
know that for the period from 1999 to 2008, the difference
between what our Group has paid to INPS in the form of CIG
contributions and what it has paid out as income support to
workers is significantly in INPS's favor. If we factor in
2009 - a year in which ample recourse was made to cassa
integrazione to avoid permanent redundancies - the balance
would still be about €200 million in INPS's favor.
I don't
believe anything else needs to be said. But let me make one
thing clear. I am not reciting these figures in order to
complain. Fiat has not asked for even €1 from the government
and it has no intention of doing so. Not even for the
eco-incentives. It is not our decision to make. It is a
choice - like many others - which falls onto those who are
responsible for shaping this country's industrial policy. We
are prepared to stand up to any situation. I only wish that
others would stop trying to bully Fiat. This also applies to
the ratio of the number of cars produced in Italy to the
number of cars sold in Italy. Those who maintain that this
figure is disproportionate - if compared to other European
countries - are perhaps seeking to avoid an important
element. Fiat's market share in Italy is half that of the
French or German automakers, as a group, in their respective
domestic markets. It is clear that in both France and
Germany, the significant presence enjoyed by domestic
automakers enables them to maintain a strong production base
which can be leveraged to develop an even more significant
export market. What I mean to say is that we cannot continue
making groundless accusations. Petty games don't get anyone
anywhere. They only feed a climate of animosity and hurt
Italy as a whole. What we need instead is for decisions to
be made. If we want a great auto industry in this country,
we need to behave accordingly. Only a decisive policy for
growth and development can create the conditions necessary
to strengthen Italian industry.
Create the
conditions which could also attract new investment,
including from abroad. For many years Fiat was cited as an
obstacle to foreign automakers entering the market. I can
assure that is not the case today. We would be the first to
welcome a change of direction. We would be delighted if
Italy became attractive to other automakers and prompted
them to invest here - among the many other options
available. This would be positive for everyone: for our
economy, for jobs, for the supply chain and also for Fiat. I
believe there is still much to do for this dream to become a
reality. And the first thing to is to decide that we want
it.
Let me
conclude with a final thought. Rarely in life are we given a
second chance. The crisis which hit our sector has already
claimed illustrious victims. The failure of many producers
has been that they haven't responded - either because of
incapacity or inertia - to a world which has changed
completely. Their lack is that they didn't have the
resources or the courage to tackle the problems at their
root. Unfortunately the day of reckoning came. But that is
not what has happened at Fiat. That is not what has happened
at Fiat in Italy. Today, also as a result of the agreement
with Chrysler, we have a second chance. We can rebuild a
strong industrial foundation in Italy. We have sufficiently
broad shoulders to tackle the handicaps which have existed
for too long and made us seem inefficient alongside our
foreign competitors. We can create the conditions where a
constant need for emergency assistance doesn't exist.
Something solid and long-lasting upon which a future can be
built. Today we have the opportunity to create an industrial
presence in Italy capable of significantly increasing
production volumes. Let’s not waste this opportunity. What
has taken place in the United States shows that the
challenge can be met. It is achievable through the combining
of energies, intelligence and resources. It is achievable
through the sharing of work, sacrifices and
responsibilities. We hope that, for once, Italy becomes an
example of how such change can be achieved successfully.
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